Highly modified and immunoactive N-glycans of the canine heartworm

Canine Heartworm Disease

Focus on Canine Heartworm Disease

The ingested microfilariae develop into the infective third-stage larvae (L3) after several molts. These L3 migrate to the mosquito head and mouthparts where they are deposited in hemolymph onto mammalian skin during subsequent blood meals. After the deposited L3 enter the host through the mosquito bite wound, they molt to fourth-stage larvae (L4). The L4 then migrate through the tissues toward...

Immunologic protection against canine heartworm infection.

This study was conducted to evaluate protective efficiency of three different protocols for vaccination in canine heartworm infection. To evaluate the three protocols of immunization, dogs were separately immunized with living larvae; 1) immunization with gamma-attenuated infective larvae, 2) with 50 micrograms/kg ivermectin-abbreviation, and 3) with chemical abbreviation plus Freund's complete...

Changing Trends and Issues in Canine and Feline Heartworm Infections

Canine and feline heartworm diagnostic, treatment and prevention strategies have changed during the previous decade. We experienced an unprecedented increase in the numbers and kinds of available medications and diagnostic aids, and also in the capabilities of pet owners to acquire information. This can be both beneficial and detrimental in our efforts to establish and maintain effective strate...

UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter (SLC35A3) regulates biosynthesis of highly branched N-glycans and keratan sulfate.

SLC35A3 is considered the main UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transporter (NGT) in mammals. Detailed analysis of NGT is restricted because mammalian mutant cells defective in this activity have not been isolated. Therefore, using the siRNA approach, we developed and characterized several NGT-deficient mammalian cell lines. CHO, CHO-Lec8, and HeLa cells deficient in NGT activity displayed a decrease in...